AP Photo/George Walker IV The governor quickly signed off on the statute and it was set. Bill Lee responds to questions during a news conference April 11, 2023, in Nashville, Tenn. Summary of Bills Vetoed (1789 to Present). encourages disagreement and legislative stalling because each party has agendas that they attempt to force on each other during the legislative process. The two-party system prevalent in the U.S. floor manager Senators or representatives designated to lead consideration of a bill or other measure on the floor. budget resolution A concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget by establishing various budget totals and dividing spending totals into functional categories (e.g., transportation). Charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices, and precedents. However, the threat of a discharge petition has caused the leadership to relent several times such petitions are dropped only because the leadership allowed the bill to move forward, rendering the petition superfluous. simple resolution A measure used to express nonbinding positions of the Senate or House or to deal with either Chambers internal affairs, such as the creation of a special committee. caucus An informal organization of members of the Senate or House, or both, that exists to discuss issues of mutual concern and possibly to perform legislative research and policy planning for its members. Examples include the rules of each standing committee, drafts of bills or committee reports, and memorial tributes. A recess may extend for a few hours or overnight, or may constitute a long break, such as over a holiday period. Journal of the Senate The written record of the official proceedings of the Senate, required by Article I, section 5 of the U.S. Party leaders from the majority party may also try to coax Congressional votes away from the other side in exchange for local concessions. If the motion is budget-related, then the Committee of the Whole is convened to amend it. proxy voting The practice of allowing a senator to cast a vote in committee on behalf of an absent senator. As presiding officer of the Senate, the vice president oversees sessions of the Senate and may vote in the case of a tie. Because of things like unanimous consent, it is Filibusters can be stopped with cloture, which generally requires 60 votes for legislation but only 51 votes for appointments.

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